Resiko Efek Samping Edema terhadap Penggunaan Amlodipin (CCBs) sebagai Antihipertensi: Kajian Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v5i3.3080Keywords:
CCBs, Amlodipine, Efek Samping, EdemaAbstract
Amlodipin atau turunan garamnya berupa amlodipine besylate mempunyai nama kimia yaitu aminoethoxy methyl-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-ethoxycarbonyl-5- methoxycarbonyl-6-methyl 1,4 dihydropyridine benzene sulfonate, amlodipine memberikan efek farmakologis sebagai agen antihipertensi dengan mekanisme kerja Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB). Penggunaan amlodipine kadang-kadang dibatasi oleh efek sampingnya yang dapat menyebabkan edema perifer dan sakit kepala. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui resiko efek samping edema terhadap penggunaan amlodipine (CCBs) sebagai antihipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode review melalui database jurnal dengan kasus tentang penggunaan amlodipin pada pasien hipertensi yang menyebabkan edema. Penelitian dalam berbagai jurnal menyatakan bahwa penggunaan amlodipin akan mengalami edema tetapi tergantung berdasarkan dosis yang digunakan dan dapat menggunakan terapi kombinasi (tidak hanya dosis tunggal) sehingga lebih efektif dalam menurunkan tekanan darah dan meminimalisir efek samping yang mungkin terjadi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dikumpulkan dari 15 jurnal, efek samping dari penggunaan amlodipin dosis tinggi yang potensial dan sering terjadi adalah edema perifer dan kebanyakan terjadi pada wanita dibandingkan laki-laki. Edema perifer terjadi karena adanya akumulasi cairan dalam darah akibat dari hemodilusi yang terjadi pada dosis tinggi Amlodipin yang digunakan jangka panjang.
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