Resiko Penggunaan Amiodaron terhadap Kejadian Hepatotoksisitas: Kajian Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v5i3.3166Keywords:
Amiodaron, Efek Samping, hepaTotoksisitas, PenangananAbstract
Amiodarone adalah obat antiaritmia yang digunakan dalam pengobatan aritmia jantung. Karena waktu paruh yang panjang, struktur lipofilik, dan akumulasi dalam jaringan tiroid, hati, paru-paru, kornea dan kulit, dapat menyebabkan banyak efek samping. Gagal hati akut adalah komplikasi yang jarang terjadi setelah pemberian amiodaron. Beberapa lusin kasus gagal hati akut setelah pemberian amiodarone telah dijelaskan. Mekanismenya belum diketahui secara jelas. Rekomendasi untuk pengelolaan penyakit ini belum ditetapkan. Namun, prognosisnya serius karena angka kematian yang tinggi telah diamati. Mengetahui angka kejadian pasien yang mengkonsumsi Amiodaron sebagai obat antiaritmia dan mengalami efek samping hepatotoksisitas. Pada 26 artikel yang telah dianalisis penulis, menyatakan bahwa penggunaan amiodaron menunjukkan adanya kerusakan hati dengan peningkatan kadar aminotransferase. Penggunaan amiodarone intravena lebih beresiko dibandingkan amiodarone oral, namun penggunaan secara oral perlu dilakukan monitoring fungsi hati secara berkala. Penanganan lainnya, pasien dapat beralih ke obat antiaritmia lainnya. Amiodaron merupakan obat antiaritmia yang memiliki resiko hepatotoksik dengan terjadinya peningkatan kadar aminotransferase, sehingga penggunaanya dapat digantikan dengan penggunaan beta-blocker, digoxin dan non-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists.
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