Vaksinasi bagi Pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronik
Keywords:
PPOK, Influenza, Pneumokokus, SARS-Cov-2, PertusisAbstract
Eksaserbasi pada pasien penyakit paru obstruksi kronik (PPOK) dihubungkan dengan prognosis dan penurunan fungsi paru yang lebih buruk. Infeksi saluran napas berhubungan dengan lebih dari setengah kejadian eksaserbasi PPOK, mengakibatkan eksaserbasi yang lebih berat dan durasi penyembuhan yang lebih panjang. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease merekomendasikan vaksinasi sebagai salah satu komponen tata laksana PPOK. Program vaksinasi yang disarankan bagi pasien PPOK adalah vaksinasi influenza, pneumokokus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), pertusis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), dan Herpes Zoster (HZ). Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan imunogenisitas dan efektivitas vaksinasi influenza, pneumokokus, SARS-CoV-2, dan pertusis terhadap luaran pasien PPOK. Belum terdapat data spesifik mengenai efek vaksinasi RSV dan HZ pada pasien PPOK. Belum semua vaksin tersedia di Indonesia dan tidak semua vaksin tercakup di program vaksinasi rutin pada orang dewasa yang diselenggarakan pemerintah.
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